Bart Huges in De ingreep (The procedure), directed by Louis van Gasteren, 1965


Hugo Bart Huges, by birth name, was a medical student at the University of Amsterdam. Expelled before graduating, both because of his theses on the beneficial effects of LSD and marijuana and because he failed his obstetrics exams, he achieved greater success under the persona of Professor Huges.
Influenced by the Dutch Provo youth subculture, his name appeared alongside that of Adolf Hitler on the cover of the January 1965 issue of RATIO, together with the poet Simon Vinkenoog, the artist Simon Posthuma, and Sir Winston Churchill. Stoned in the Streets was the title of one of the group’s most famous happenings, a surreal and humorous event with clearly provocative intentions.
What ultimately cemented Huges’s fame, however, was his discovery of trepanation, regarded by his followers as the most significant breakthrough of modern times.
The hypothesis:
A person’s state and degree of consciousness are linked to the volume of blood in the brain.
The adoption of an upright posture brought certain benefits to the human race, but it also meant that blood flow to the brain became limited by gravity, thereby reducing the scope of human consciousness. Some parts of the brain ceased or reduced their functions, while others, particularly those related to language and reasoning, became overemphasized as compensation.
Balance can be temporarily restored through various methods, such as standing on one’s head, alternating between a hot and a cold bath, or using drugs; unfortunately, the surplus consciousness thus obtained is only temporary.
Further confirmation of this thesis lies in the condition of infancy: children are born with unsealed skulls (at the “fontanelle”), and only in adulthood does the bony carapace fully form, enclosing the membranes surrounding the brain and inhibiting their pulsations in response to the heartbeat. As a consequence, the adult loses contact with dreams, imagination, and the intense perceptions of childhood. Mental equilibrium is disrupted by selfishness and neurosis.
Obsessed with the idea of permanently expanding his state of consciousness, Huges became convinced that trepanation was the most suitable solution. 
Documented by photographer Cor Jaring, on January 6, 1965, Professor Huges performed a self-trepanation. When Jaring sold the photographs to newspapers around the world, Huges became an unprecedented case.
Experiencing what he described as the immediate beneficial effects of the operation, he began preaching the doctrine of trepanation to anyone willing to listen. By freeing his brain from the total imprisonment of the skull, he claimed to have restored its pulsations, increased blood volume, and attained a more complete and satisfying state of consciousness than that normally enjoyed by adults.
Medical and legal authorities reacted with horror to Huges’s discovery and rewarded him with a period of detention in a Dutch psychiatric institution.
Huges’s theory is fully reported in his manifesto/parchment titled The Mechanism of Brainbloodvolume. At the end of the document, one can read: The Third Eye.

Bart Huges and the parchment The Mechanism of Brainbloodvolume, 1964


Simon Posthuma and Robert Jasper Grootveld observing the outcome of the operation during the happening Provo Open het graf (Open the Grave), 1962


Trepanation, the cure for psychosis, Bart Huges, Foundation for Independent Thinking (F.I.T.), Amsterdam, 1970


Dutch TV program Voor de vuist weg, Bart Huges and Willem Duys, 1965


Bart Huges upside down, Provo symbol, manuscript, 1965


Who shot the dinosaurs?, Antonio Perticara, Giardino Villa Cappuccini (PG), 2025


Amanda Feilding and Bart Huges, 1965

             
Rehabilitation statement for patient Bart Huges from the Amsterdam asylum


Bart Huges’ talks on medicine, Foundation for Independent Thinking (F.I.T.), Amsterdam
The Mechanism of Brainbloodvolume, manuscript, Bart Huges, Amsterdam, 1964